"Kodi ndingathe kupukuta khungu kangati pa sabata?" ndi limodzi mwa mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kwambiri pa intaneti okhudza kupukuta khungu m'nyumba. Zoona zake n'zakuti,palibe yankho limodzi, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa kufiira kwa khungu kumadalira kwambiri:

• Yanumtundu wa khungu

• Yanuzolinga zokongoletsa khungu

• Themtundu wa bedi lopaka utotomumagwiritsa ntchito

• Yanumulingo wa chidziwitso

• Momwe khungu lanu limayankhira likakhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa UV

Bukuli limapereka yankho lochokera ku sayansi, lovomerezedwa ndi salon lomwe limaika patsogolo zonse ziwirizotsatira zothandizandichitetezo cha khungu, ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito kwaukadaulo zida zamakono zoyeretsera khungu ku America.

1. Chifukwa Chake Kuchuluka kwa Kufiira kwa Maonekedwe a Nsalu N'kofunika (Kuposa Kumene Mukuganiza)

Kupaka utoto m'nyumba kumagwira ntchito polimbikitsa kupanga melanin ndi okosijeni. Koma melanin ili ndi malire ake. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa:

• Kufiira

• Kuchotsa

• Mtundu wosafanana

• Kukalamba khungu msanga

• Kuwonongeka kwa UV kwa nthawi yayitali

Kupaka utoto nthawi zambiri sikukupangitsani kukhala wakuda msanga—kumangowonjezera chiopsezo chanu.

Kutalikirana koyenera pakati pa nthawi yopaka utoto kumapereka nthawi yoti khungu lanu likhale ndi:

• Bwezeretsani

• Pangani melanin

• Oxidize utoto

• Limbikitsani khungu lanu mwachibadwa

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndikofunikira.

2. Kuchuluka kwa Kupaka Khungu Koyenera Kutengera Mtundu wa Khungu

Kulekerera kwachilengedwe kwa khungu lanu ku UV kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mungathe kufiira khungu lanu mosamala. Pansipa pali sikelo yovomerezeka ya Fitzpatrick:

✔ Khungu la Mtundu Woyamba — Lotumbululuka Kwambiri, Limayaka Nthawi Zonse, Silichita Kufiira

• Kawirikawiri tsitsi lofiira, maso owala, madontho

• Khungu limayaka ngakhale litawonekera pang'ono

Mafupipafupi ofunikira:
Sikoyenera kutenthetsa khungu m'nyumba.

Malo opaka utoto sakuvomerezeka pakhungu la mtundu uwu, chifukwa chiopsezo chopsa chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri.

✔ Khungu la Mtundu Wachiwiri — Khungu Loyera, Limapsa Mosavuta, Limafiira Mosafunikira

• Khungu la kumpoto kwa Ulaya

• Kuyankha pang'onopang'ono kwa melanin

Mafupipafupi ofunikira:
➡Magawo 1-2 pa sabata
➡ Magawo afupiafupi, kukulitsa pang'onopang'ono

Khungu la mtundu uwu liyenera kusamala kwambiri, ndipo liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchitozida zaukadaulomonga mabedi a ku Merican okhala ndi mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yolinganizidwa ya UVA/UVB kuti achepetse chiopsezo chowonekera kwambiri.

✔ Khungu la Mtundu Wachitatu — Khungu Lopepuka mpaka Lapakati, Nthawi Zina Limayaka, Limafiira Mosavuta

Uwu ndiye mtundu wa khungu wofala kwambiri pakati pa opanga khungu m'nyumba.

Mafupipafupi ofunikira:
➡Magawo 2-3 pa sabatapanthawi yomanga
➡Magawo 1-2 pa sabatakukonza

Khungu la mtundu wa III limafinya bwino ndipo limakhala ndi utoto kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa mtundu wachiwiri.

✔ Khungu la Mtundu Wachinayi — Khungu la Azitona kapena la Brown Wopepuka

• Sizimayaka kawirikawiri

• Tani yakuda komanso yachangu

Mafupipafupi ofunikira:
➡Magawo 2-4 pa sabata
➡ Nthawi yayitali pang'ono imaloledwa

Khungu la mtundu uwu limayankha bwino kwambiri ku dazi la m'nyumba, makamaka m'malo opaka dazi lamphamvu kwambiri.

✔ Mtundu wa Khungu V–VI — Khungu lakuda kwambiri mpaka labulauni

• Nthawi zambiri amayaka

• Chitetezo champhamvu chachilengedwe cha UV

Mafupipafupi ofunikira:
➡Kawiri mpaka kanayi pa sabata

Magawo amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali pang'ono kutengera zolinga za dazi.

3. Opanga Zikopa Atsopano vs. Opanga Zikopa Odziwa Zambiri (Malamulo Osiyanasiyana Amagwira Ntchito)

Kwa Oyamba

Ngati ndinu watsopano mu ntchito yopaka utoto wa m'nyumba:

Yambani pang'onopang'ono

• Yambani ndiMphindi 3–6magawo

• Malire aMagawo 1-2 pa sabatapoyamba

Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani nthawi

Pakatha mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri, mutha kuwonjezera mphindi imodzi mpaka mutafika pamlingo woyenera wa mtundu wa khungu lanu.

Kwa Ogwira Ntchito Zofufuta Zikopa Odziwa Zambiri

Mukangoyamba kuoneka ngati tan yokhazikika:

• Utoto wakudaKawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata

• Sungani khungu lanu lofiirira ndi nthawi zazifupi komanso zofanana

• Sungani khungu lanu lili ndi madzi okwanira kuti zotsatira zake zipitirire

Anthu odziwa bwino ntchito yopaka zikopa nthawi zambiri amakondamabedi opaka utoto okhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu—gulu lomwe Merican imapanga makina a UVA okhazikika omwe amapereka utoto wozama komanso mphamvu yochepa ya UVB.

4. Gawo Lomanga vs. Gawo Lokonza

Anthu ambiri amataya mdima m'magawo awiri:

Gawo 1: Gawo Lomanga (Masabata 2-4 Oyamba)

Cholinga:Pangani utoto wa pansi

Kuchuluka kwa nthawi:
➡ Mtundu wa Khungu III–IV:Magawo 2–3 pa sabata
➡ Mtundu wa Khungu V–VI:Magawo 3–4 pa sabata

Gawoli limafuna kuonekera nthawi zonse chifukwa kupanga melanin kuyenera kukulitsidwa mobwerezabwereza.

Gawo Lachiwiri: Gawo Lokonza

Cholinga:Sungani mdima wanu popanda kuuwononga kwambiri

Kuchuluka kwa nthawi:
➡Magawo 1–2 pa sabatakwa anthu ambiri

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola ndi zokulitsa tani kungathandize kutalikitsa mtundu wanu pakati pa nthawi yopuma.

5. Momwe Mtundu wa Bedi la Kupaka Tanning Umakhudzira Kuchuluka kwa Ma Rate

Si malo onse oyeretsera khungu omwe ali ofanana. Mphamvu ya UV imasiyana kwambiri:

Mabedi Otsika Pakupanikizika

• Kutulutsa kwapamwamba kwa UVB

• Cholimbikitsa kwambiri kupanga melanin

• Pamafunika mipata yambiri pakati pa magawo

Kuchuluka kwa nthawi:Kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata

Mabedi Opanikizika Kwambiri

• Makamaka UVA

• Khungu lofewa

• Amapanga mtundu wozama komanso wokhalitsa

• Chiwopsezo chotsika cha kutentha

Kuchuluka kwa nthawi:Katatu mpaka kanayi pa sabata

Makina a kupukuta khungu a ku Merican omwe ali ndi mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri amapangidwa mwapadera kuti asunge kutulutsa kwa UVA kosalekeza, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nthawi yopukuta khungu ikhale yabwino komanso kuti pasakhale kufiira kwambiri.

6. Zizindikiro Zosonyeza Kuti Mumatsuka Tsitsi Kawirikawiri

Siyani kupsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa utoto ngati muwona:

• Kufiira kosalekeza

• Kuyabwa kapena kuuma

• Kuchotsa

• Malo otchuka

• Mapepala osafanana

• Kulimba kwa khungu

• Kutentha ngakhale pambuyo pa magawo afupiafupi

Izi ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti khungu lanu lakhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo limafuna nthawi yochira.

7. Malangizo a Akatswiri Okhudza Chitetezo Podziwa Mafupipafupi Anu

✔ 1. Nthawi zonse muzitsatira kuwunika kwa akatswiri pakhungu

Salon iyenera kuwunika mtundu wa Fitzpatrick yanu isanayambe kulangiza kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.

✔ 2. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zapamwamba komanso zoyendetsedwa bwino

Malo osambira a ku America amapereka:

• Kuwongolera kwanzeru kwa UV

• Kugawa nyale zofanana

• Makina ozizira omwe amachepetsa kutentha

• Makonda a UVA/UVB olinganizidwa

• Zinthu zodzitetezera zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi nthawi

Mapangidwe awa amathandiza kupewa kuonekera mopitirira muyeso.

✔ 3. Thirani madzi pakhungu lanu nthawi zonse

Khungu lonyowa bwino limawala mofanana komanso motetezeka.

✔ 4. Onjezani pafupipafupi pang'onopang'ono

Musasinthe kuchoka pa gawo limodzi pa sabata kufika pa 5.

✔ 5. Tsatirani nthawi zopumula zomwe zalangizidwa

Khungu limafunaMaola 24–48kuti mubwezeretse pakati pa magawo.

8. Funso Lomwe Limafunsidwa Kawirikawiri: Kodi Kupaka Tsitsi Kwambiri Ndikwabwino?

Ayi.
Kupaka utoto m'nyumba kumagwira ntchito kudzera m'njira zamoyo zomwe sizingachitike mwachangu.

Kupitirira mafupipafupi ofunikira:

• Sichifulumizitsa kupsa kwa dzuwa

• Sizipangitsa zotsatira kukhala zodetsa

• Zimangowonjezera chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa khungu

Khungu labwino limafinya bwino—khungu lowonekera kwambiri silichita zimenezi.

9. Chidule: Kodi Muyenera Kudzipukuta Kangati?

Malangizo Onse

• Anthu ambiri:Magawo 2-3 pa sabata

• Oyamba:1–2 pa sabata

• Kukonza:1–2 pa sabata

• Mtundu Woyamba wa Khungu: Sikoyenera

Ndi makina opaka utoto a ku America omwe ali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu:

• UVA wochuluka, UVB wochepa

• Magawo ogwirizana kwambiri

• Madontho akuda komanso okhalitsa nthawi yayitali

• Chiwopsezo chotsika cha kutentha

Maganizo Omaliza

Kuchuluka kwa kufiira kwa khungu si chinthu chimodzi chokha. Ndondomeko yotetezeka komanso yothandiza kwambiri yofiira kwa khungu imadaliramtundu wa khungu, zomwe zachitikandiubwino wa zida zoyeretsera khungumumagwiritsa ntchito.

Mitundu ngatiChimerika, yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha mabedi opaka utoto wa UV omwe amagwira ntchito bwino komanso olamulidwa bwino, imagwira ntchito yayikulu pakuwonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amapaka utoto mofanana, mosamala, komanso momasuka. Ndi kuwongolera bwino komanso kukonza nthawi, kupaka utoto m'nyumba kungakhale kothandiza komanso kotetezeka pakhungu.