Kupaka utoto m'nyumba kwakhala njira yokongola komanso yothandiza padziko lonse lapansi, koma anthu ambiri akudabwa kumva kuti mabedi opaka utoto akhalapo kwa zaka zambiri. Malo oyamba opaka utoto amakono adapangidwa muZaka za m'ma 1970, chomwe chinali chiyambi cha makampani opanga utoto wamkati.
Chiyambi cha Bedi Loyamba la Kupaka Tan
Malo oyambira oyeretsera khungu adapangidwa muGermany m'zaka za m'ma 1970Wasayansi ndi mainjiniya waku GermanyFriedrich WolffAnthu ambiri amayamikira kuti amathandiza kupanga ukadaulo woyambirira wa kuwotcha khungu la UV atatha kufufuza momwe kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumakhudzira thupi la munthu.
Poyamba, zipangizo zowunikira za UV sizinapangidwe kuti zingokongoletsa khungu lokha. Ma nyali akale a ultraviolet ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazifukwa zachipatala komanso zochizira, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha khungu chochokera ku kuwala komanso kafukufuku wa vitamini D.
Patapita nthawi, ofufuza anapeza kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kolamulidwa bwino kungapangitsenso khungu kukhala lakuda mwa kulimbikitsa kupanga melanin, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ochitira malonda opaka utoto.
Momwe Mabedi Opaka Tan Anagwirira Ntchito Poyamba
Malo oyamba oyeretsera khungu anali ndi nyali za UV zowala zomwe zimatulutsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet kofanana ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kwachilengedwe. Makina oyambirirawa anali osavuta kwambiri kuposa zida zamakono zoyeretsera khungu ndipo nthawi zambiri analibe makina oziziritsira apamwamba, mapangidwe a ergonomic, ndi mapangidwe abwino a nyali omwe amapezeka mumakina amakono.
Malo oyambira kutsuka khungu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi:
- Machubu oyambira a UV fluorescent
- Kuziziritsa pang'ono ndi mpweya wokwanira
- Mawotchi owerengera nthawi ndi manja
- Kusasinthasintha kwa khungu poyerekeza ndi machitidwe amakono
Ngakhale kuti zinali zosavuta, kupukuta khungu m'nyumba kunatchuka kwambiri ku Europe konse ndipo pambuyo pake kunafalikira ku North America m'zaka za m'ma 1980.
Chifukwa Chake Kupaka Utoto M'nyumba Kunakhala Kotchuka
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, kusuta fodya kunayamba kugwirizanitsidwa ndi:
- Moyo wa tchuthi
- Mafashoni ndi mafashoni okongola
- Maonekedwe a khungu lofiirira
- Kusavuta kupukuta khungu chaka chonse
Malo ochitira zilonda za m'nyumba anayamba kutsegulidwa padziko lonse lapansi, kupereka magawo odzitetezera ku dzuwa mosasamala kanthu za nyengo kapena nyengo.
Kusintha kwa Mabedi Amakono Opaka Utoto
Malo osungira utoto a masiku ano ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa mapangidwe oyambirira a m'ma 1970. Opanga tsopano akuyang'ana kwambiri pa:
- Kufalikira kwa UV kofanana kwambiri
- Kuyenda bwino kwa mpweya ndi kuziziritsa
- Kuthamanga kwachangu kwa utoto
- Kulimbikitsa chitonthozo cha ogwiritsa ntchito
- Machitidwe owongolera anzeru
- Mapangidwe okongola a salon amalonda
Makina amakono opaka utoto atchuka kwambiri chifukwa amapereka mawonekedwe a 360° komanso mawonekedwe ofanana a utoto.
Mabedi Opaka Tan Okhazikika Msika Wamakono
Poyerekeza ndi machitidwe akale okhazikika, mabedi opaka utoto woyimirira nthawi zambiri amakondedwa m'ma salon aukadaulo chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito awo abwino komanso kapangidwe kaukhondo. Machitidwe opaka utoto woyimirira amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyenda momasuka panthawi yamaphunziro pomwe amachepetsa kukhudzana ndi thupi mwachindunji.
Opanga ambiri amakono opanga utoto akupitirizabe kukonza ukadaulo wa utoto kuti akonze kusinthasintha, chitonthozo, komanso kukongola kwa malo osungiramo zinthu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito malonda padziko lonse lapansi.
Maganizo Omaliza
Bedi loyamba lopaka utoto lomwe linapangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1970 linathandiza kusintha utoto wamkati kukhala makampani apadziko lonse lapansi. Zomwe zinayamba ngati ukadaulo woyesera wa kuwala kwa UV pamapeto pake zinasanduka njira zamakono zopaka utoto zomwe zimawoneka masiku ano. Bedi lamakono lopaka utoto tsopano limaphatikiza uinjiniya wapamwamba, kuwala kwa UV koyenera, komanso kapangidwe ka ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apereke chidziwitso chosavuta komanso chothandiza chopaka utoto.
